ࡱ> 68345[ bjbj2 jjlZZZ8,D22"000000g2i2i2i2i2i2i2$4 :6|2000002 002 000g2 0g2  $+1hg20 @&8|XZ8P1g220216 L6g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enter for Strategic and International Studies" (CSIS) A 4>:;04>< "1=>2;5=85 B@0=A0=B;0=B8G5A:>3> ?0@B=5@AB20 2 AD5@5 157>?0A=>AB8", 2 :>B>@>< 70O28;0: "2003 3>4 1K; B@C4=K< 3>4>< 4;O 2A5E, 4;O D@0=FC7A:>-0<5@8:0=A:8E >B=>H5=89 8 4;O B@0=A0=B;0=B8G5A:8E 2 H8@>:>< A<KA;5... "@0=A0=B;0=B8G5A:85 @07;8G8O A53>4=O CAC3C1;ONBAO >?@545;5==K<8 =5:>=A5@20B82=K<8 845O<8..., => O C15645=0, GB> MB8 @07;8G8O ?@5C25;8G5=K, B0: :0: 2 A53>4=OH=5< <8@5 >1I55 O2;O5BAO =587<5@8<> 206=55 B>3>, GB> =0A @0745;O5B... K ?@>BO=C;8 @C:C. / C15645=0, GB> >=8 55 ?>6<CB". ;O 5@;8=0 E0@0:B5@=K ?>4>1=K5 65 =0AB@>5=8O. 0E>48<AO ;8 <K A=>20 =0 ?CB8 "=>@<0;870F88" B@0=A0=B;0=B8G5A:8E >B=>H5=89? 420 ;8. @>2>73;0H5=85 "0F8>=0;L=>9 AB@0B5388 157>?0A=>AB8" ("National Security Strategy" - NSS-2002) >B 17 A5=BO1@O 2002 3>40, :>B>@0O A45;0;0 ?@525=B82=CN (O45@=CN) 2>9=C >D8F80;L=>9 4>:B@8=>9 157>?0A=>AB8 !>548=5==KE (B0B>2, 8 ?@0:B8G5A:>5 ?@8<5=5=85 MB>9 4>:B@8=K 2> 2@5<O 2>9=K 2 @0:5 25A=>9 2003 3>40 A>740;8 =>2K5 CA;>28O, :>B>@K5 ?@>4>;60NB >?@545;OBL E0@0:B5@ B@0=A0B;0=B8G5A:8E >B=>H5=89.  :0G5AB25 >B25B0 =0 NSS-2002 8 =0 2>9=C 2 @0:5 $@0=F8O 8 5@<0=8O 2 B5G5=85 2003 3>40 2 @0<:0E 2@>?59A:>3> !>N70 ?@8=O;8 @O4 =>2KE <5@ 2 AD5@5 157>?0A=>AB8, :>B>@K5 =0H;8 A2>5 >B@065=85 2 "!>2<5AB=>< 70O2;5=88 >B=>A8B5;L=> 52@>?59A:>9 ?>;8B8:8 2 >1;0AB8 >1>@>=K 8 157>?0A=>AB8" >B 29 0?@5;O 2003 3>40 8 "2@>?59A:>9 AB@0B5388 157>?0A=>AB8 - 15A?5G5=85 157>?0A=>AB8 2@>?K 2 >1=>2;5==>< <8@5", :>B>@0O 1K;0 ?@8=OB0 =0 A0<<8B5 ! 12 45:01@O 2003 3>40. ">, GB> 35@<0=>-D@0=FC7A:85 8=8F80B82K 2 AD5@5 157>?0A=>AB8 =5 1K;8 ?CABK<8 45:;0@0F8O<8 A <0;K<8 ?@0:B8G5A:8<8 ?>A;54AB28O<8, 4>:070;0 1C@=0O @50:F8O =0 =8E 87 !>548=5==KE (B0B>2 - A> AB>@>=K ?@54AB028B5;59 =5>:>=A5@20B82=>9 D@0:F88 2 04<8=8AB@0F88 CH0, 8 =5 B>;L:> A 8E AB>@>=K. > A53> 2@5<5=8 0H8=3B>= A:>@55 A CE<K;:>9 @5038@>20; =0 8=8F80B82K 2 2@>?59A:>< !>N75. -B8 8=8F80B82K B@51CNB :@8B8G5A:>9 >F5=:8.  =8E A>45@60BAO =0@O4C A ?@028;L=K<8 ?>AK;:0<8 8 A5@L57=K5 C?CI5=8O 8 >H81:8, :>B>@K5 =865 1C4CB @0AA<>B@5=K 1>;55 ?>4@>1=>. "8@04K 8G0@40 5@;0 3 8 4 =>O1@O 2003 3>40 35@<0=A:0O 3075B0 "5;LB 0< >=B03" ?@>25;0 2 5@;8=5 A2>N 5653>4=CN :>=D5@5=F8N ?> 2>?@>A0< 157>?0A=>AB8. 4=8< 87 4>:;04G8:>2 1K; 8G0@4 5@; - ?@54AB028B5;L !>25B0 ?> >1>@>==>9 ?>;8B8:5 5=B03>=0, :>B>@K9 AG8B05BAO >4=8< 87 A0<KE 03@5AA82=KE =5>:>=A5@20B>@>2 2 0H8=3B>=5. !=0G0;0 5@; 2 @57:>9 D>@<5 70I8I0; 0<5@8:0=A:CN 4>:B@8=C ?@525=B82=KE 2>9=, 0 70B5< 2 B>< 65 B>=5 2KABC?8; ?@>B82 35@<0=>-D@0=FC7A:>3> A>B@C4=8G5AB20 2 AD5@5 ?>;8B8:8 157>?0A=>AB8. 5@; 70O28;: "K (!( 8 2@>?0) 70I8I05< 548=K5 F5==>AB8, C =0A, ?> 2A59 25@>OB=>AB8, 5ABL A>2<5AB=K5 8=B5@5AK, C =0A 5ABL A>N7, :>B>@K9 ?@8720= 70I8I0BL MB8 F5==>AB8. > MB> =8:0: =5 A>G5B05BAO A ?@>2>73;0H5=85< 2@>?K :0: ?@>B82>25A0 !(.  <K =5 4>;6=K >1<0=K20BL A51O: 2 " 5ABL B5, :B> 459AB28B5;L=> AG8B05B, GB> 2@>?0 4>;6=0 AB0BL ?@>B82>25A>< !(. 0?@8<5@, (8@0:, 5 5;L?5=. ABL 8 4@C385 2 2@>?5, :>B>@K5 B0: 65 4C<0NB.  2@>?5 4>;6=0 1KBL A>740=0 OA=>ABL, 2@>?0 4>;6=0 @5H8BL, AB0BL ;8 59 0=B8?>4>< !( 8;8 >AB0BLAO A>N7=8:><. 10 MB8 ?>=OB8O =5A>2<5AB8<K. >=OB85 ?@>B82>25A0 >7=0G05B =59B@0;870F8N 8;8 @0710;0=A8@>20=85 A8;, GB> A 0<5@8:0=A:>9 B>G:8 7@5=8O =8 2 8=B5@5A0E 2@>?K, =8 0<5@8:0=F52. -B>, B0: A:070BL, CB>?8O& A;8 5@<0=8O ?>445@68B D@0=FC7A:CN 845N, B> " ?@845B :>=5F. A;8 65 5@<0=8O ?@87=05B, GB> 2@>?0 =5 4>;6=0 AB0BL ?@>B82>25A>< !(, 8 GB> >1I85 8=B5@5AK 8 F5==>AB8 B0:65 206=K 4;O 2A5E, GB> 2@>?0 :0: 0=B8?>4 !( 1K;> 1K ?>A;54=8<, : G5<C <K 4>;6=K 1K;8 1K AB@5<8BLAO, MB> AB0;> 1K =0G0;>< =>2>3> "... =>385 2 2@>?5, 2 5@<0=88 8 $@0=F88 8 4@C38E AB@0=0E AG8B0NB, GB> 35@<0=>-D@0=FC7A:85 >B=>H5=8O 83@0NB ACI5AB25==CN @>;L 2 A>E@0=5=88 <8@0.  A<KA; MB8E >B=>H5=89 2 :>=F5 :>=F>2 70:@5?;O5BAO 2 4>3>2>@5==>ABOE <564C ?@028B5;LAB20<8. / 4C<0N, GB> MB> >H81>G=0O 8=B5@?@5B0F8O 8AB>@88. 8@ =0 MB>< :>=B8=5=B5 =5 30@0=B8@C5BAO ?5@53>2>@0<8 <564C (8@0:>< 8 (@545@>< 8 4>3>2>@5==>ABO<8 <564C =8<8". @8ACBAB2>202H89 =0 :>=D5@5=F88 1K2H89 H5D 35=5@0;L=>3> HB010 $@0=F88 0: 0=:A594 2>7@078; 5@;C: "/ 4@C3 !(, => 03@5AA82=>ABL, :>B>@CN 2K ?@>O28;8 ?> >B=>H5=8N : =0<, =5 A?>A>1AB2C5B C:@5?;5=8N 4@C61K.  O 7040NAL 2>?@>A><, =5 4>;65= ;8 O ?><5=OBL A2>5 >B=>H5=85 : !(. =5 =@028BAO 0H0 AB@0=0, => B0: =5;L7O A51O 25AB8". ;O 0<5@8:0=A:8E =5>:>=A5@20B>@>2, F5=B@>< :>B>@KE 2 04<8=8AB@0F88 CH0 O2;O5BAO 8: '59=8, =5A<>B@O =0 C?><O=CBK5 2KH5 B5=45=F88, =8G53> =5 87<5=8;>AL 2 B@0=A0B;0=B8G5A:8E >B=>H5=8OE. 12 O=20@O 2004 3>40 5@; 2<5AB5 A> A2>8< 548=><KH;5==8:>< M284>< $@C<><, 1K2H8< A>AB028B5;5< @5G59 ?@57845=B0 CH0 (5<C 65 ?@8?8AK205BAO D>@<C;0 ">A8 7;0"), ?@54AB028; =>2CN :=83C ">=5F 7;0". @8 MB>< 5@; 70O28;: "0: (8@0: 2KABC?0; :0: A0<K9 3;02=K9 A>N7=8: 8 70I8B=8: !0440<0 %CA59=0... K 4>;6=K =0G0BL 2 2@>?5 48A:CAA8N > B><, GB> $@0=F8O 8<55B =0<5@5=85 ?@52@0B8BL 2@>?59A:89 !>N7 2 0=B80<5@8:0=A:89 ?@>B82>25A. K 4>;6=K 70AB028BL 52@>?59A:85 ?@028B5;LAB20 A45;0BL 2K1>@ <564C 0@865< 8 0H8=3B>=><". 4 45:01@O 2003 3>40 3>AC40@AB25==K9 A5:@5B0@L !( >;8= 0CM; 70O28; ?5@54 A2>8<8 :>;;530<8 ?> " 2 @NAA5;5: "!( =5 <>3CB ?@87=020BL =57028A8<K5 AB@C:BC@K !, :>B>@K5 4C1;8@CNB DC=:F88 "". 5A:>;L:8<8 4=O<8 @0=LH5 <8=8AB@ >1>@>=K !( >=0;L4 0<AD5;L4 70O28; =0 >A5==5< 70A540=88 <8=8AB@>2 >1>@>=K AB@0=-G;5=>2 ", GB> 35@<0=>-D@0=FC7A:85 8=8F80B82K ?> 2>?@>A0< ?>;8B8:8 >1>@>=K 8 157>?0A=>AB8 O2;ONBAO B5< :@8B8G5A:8< :><?;5:A>< 2>?@>A>2, :>B>@K9 4>;65= @0AA<0B@820BLAO =0 C@>2=5 @C:>2>48B5;59 3>AC40@AB2 8 ?@028B5;LAB2.  >= 1>;LH5 =8G53> =5 E>G5B 3>2>@8BL ?> MB><C ?>2>4C, E>BO 8725AB=0 53> @57:> >B@8F0B5;L=0O ?>78F8O ?> MB><C 2>?@>AC. ! :0:>9 ?>4>7@8B5;L=>ABLN 2>A?@8=8<05BAO 52@>?59A:0O ?>;8B8:0 157>?0A=>AB8 A> AB>@>=K F5=B@8ABA:8E A8; 2> 2=5H=5?>;8B8G5A:>< <5E0=87<5 !(, :>B>@K5 48AB0=F8@CNBAO >B =5>:>=A5@20B>@>2, A2845B5;LAB2C5B "!>2<5AB=>5 70O2;5=85" ?> ?>2>4C B@0=A0B;0=B8G5A:8E >B=>H5=89, >?C1;8:>20==>5 CSIS 14 <0O 2003 3>40, B.5. 70 425 =545;8 4> @NAA5;LA:>9 2AB@5G8 ?> 2>?@>A0< 52@>?59A:>9 >1>@>=K 8 157>?0A=>AB8.  =5< 3>2>@8BAO: "ABL A@>G=0O =5>1E>48<>ABL 2 B><, GB>1K 52@>?59FK 1>;LH5 45;0;8 4;O B>3>, GB>1K C1548BL 0<5@8:0=F52 2 B><, GB> B>B !>N7, :>B>@K9 >=8 :>=A>;848@CNB, ?>-?@56=5<C ?@825BAB2C5B CG0AB85 !( 2 52@>?59A:8E 45;0E. =>3>5 87 B>3>, GB> 4>AB83=CB> 2 @0<:0E !, B@0:BC5BAO =5:>B>@K<8 52@>?59F0<8 :0: =>20O A?>A>1=>ABL 2@>?K 1@>A8BL 2K7>2 !(... 2@>?0 =5 4>;6=0 2K7K20BL ?>4>7@5=89 2 B><, GB> >=0 4>18205BAO >B A2>53> ?0@B=5@0 =0 4@C3>9 AB>@>=5 B;0=B8:8 B>9 65 AB5?5=8 1;87>AB8 >B=>H5=89, :>B>@K5 8<5NB !( A 52@>?59A:8<8 3>AC40@AB20<8-G;5=0<8 "...  MB>< :>=B5:AB5 @>AB 0=B80<5@8:0=A:8E =0AB@>5=89 2 2@>?5 O2;O5BAO A5@L57=K< ?>2>4>< 4;O >701>G5==>AB8. K42830NBAO B@51>20=8O, GB>1K "?@54AB028B5;8 0<5@8:0=A:>3> ?@028B5;LAB20" ?@8=8<0;8 1K CG0AB85 2 @01>B5 "52@>?59A:8E 8=AB8BCB>2" ?CB5< "?@O<KE :>=AC;LB0F89"!  8<5==> - G5@57 480;>3 8 :>>?5@0F8N - ?@5645, G5< 1C4CB ?@8=8<0BLAO @5H5=8O". <5@8:0=A:89 ?C1;8F8AB 8;LO< D0DD B0: ?8A0; 26 8N=O 2003 3>40 2 "International Herald Tribune": "0?@0H8205BAO 2K2>4, GB> 70O2;5=85 GSIS B@51C5B, GB>1K 2@>?59A:89 !>N7 ?>4G8=8;AO !>548=5==K< (B0B0<. >4>1=>5 1K;> 8725AB=> 8 @0=LH5, => 52@>?59FK A59G0A A2O7K20NB MB> B@51>20=85 A 45OB5;L=>ABLN 04<8=8AB@0F88 CH0. 0O2;5=85 206=> B5<, GB> >=> ?>:07K205B, GB> MB> =5 B>;L:> ?>;8B8:0 04<8=8AB@0F88 CH0, => 8 2K@065=85 273;O4>2 1>;LH8=AB20 CG0AB=8:>2 D>@<8@>20=8O 2=5H=59 ?>;8B8:8 !( - :0: @5A?C1;8:0=F52, B0: 8 45<>:@0B>2."  459AB28B5;L=>, 70O2;5=85 ?>4?8A0;8: 04;59= ;1@09B, %0@>;L4 @0C=, 183=52 76578=A:89, $@0=: 0@;CG8, #>@@5= @8AB>D5@, 8;LO< >CM=, >15@B >;, 0C@5=A 3;1C@35@, !BN0@B 975=AB0B, ;5:A0=4@ %593, 8 %0<8;LB>=, 6>= %0<@5, 0@;0 %8;7, !M< 0==, 0C;L  8;, '0@;L7 >11, 8;;LO< >B 8 659<A (;578=35@. ">:C<5=B !>;0=K" (53> >A=>2=K5 =54>AB0B:8) B:C40 MB> 2>71C645=85 A> AB>@>=K =5 B>;L:> =5>:>=A5@20B>@>2, => 8 4@C38E A8; 2 0H8=3B>=5? <5NI85AO 2 =0AB>OI55 2@5<O 2 2@>?5 "459AB28B5;L=K5 D0:BK" 2 2>5==>9 >1;0AB8 5420 ;8 O2;ONBAO B><C ?@8G8=>9. => A2O70=>, A:>@55 2A53>, A B5<, GB> ?>O2;O5BAO =0 ?>;8B8G5A:>< 3>@87>=B5 2@>?K 2 =0AB>OI55 2@5<O.  =>2>< =0?@02;5=88 2 52@>?59A:>9 ?>;8B8:5 >1>@>=K 8 157>?0A=>AB8 <>6=> ?@>G5ABL 2 B0: =07K205<>< ">:C<5=B5 !>;0=K", :>B>@K9 >703;02;5= "2@>?59A:0O AB@0B538O 157>?0A=>AB8 - 15A?5G5=85 157>?0A=>AB8 2@>?K 2 >1=>2;5==>< <8@5".  C7:>< 2>5==>< A<KA;5 MB> >B=>A8BAO 8 : @5H5=8O< @NAA5;LA:>9 2AB@5G8 >B 29 0?@5;O 2003 3>40, 2 :>B>@>9 ?@8=O;8 CG0AB85 (8@0:, (@545@ 8 @C:>2>48B5;8 ?@028B5;LAB2 5;L388 N:A5<1C@30 $5@E>DHB04B 8 .=:5@. 5@2K9 ?@>5:B ">:C<5=B0 !>;0=K" 1K; ?@54AB02;5= 2 8N=5 2003 3>40 =0 A0<<8B5 2@>A>N70 2 "5AA0;>==8:0E 8 70B5< 2 87<5=5==>9 D>@<5 1K; ?@8=OB =0 A0<<8B5 ! 12 45:01@O 2003 3>40 2 @NAA5;5.  22>4=>9 G0AB8 4>:C<5=B0 3>2>@8BAO, GB> 2@>?59A:89 !>N7 2 ;8F5 25 3>AC40@AB2 8 450 <8;;8>=>2 3@0640=, ?@>872>4OI89 >4=C G5B25@BL 1@CB>AF80;L?@>4C:B0 <8@0 (), "4>;65= 1KBL 3>B>2K< : B><C, GB>1K 27OBL =0 A51O >B25BAB25==>ABL 70 3;>10;L=CN 157>?0A=>ABL 2 ?@>F5AA5 A>740=8O ;CGH53> <8@>?>@O4:0". !> 2@5<5=8 >:>=G0=8O E>;>4=>9 2>9=K !>548=5==K5 (B0BK 8<5NB 4><8=8@CNI85 ?>78F88 2 2>5==>9 >1;0AB8. > A53>4=O =5B B0:>9 AB@0=K, :>B>@0O 1K;0 1K 2 A>AB>O=88 2 >48=>G:C A?@028BLAO A> 2A5< :><?;5:A>< ?@>1;5< 2 <8@5". 0B5< @5GL 2 4>:C<5=B5 845B >1 M:>=><8G5A:>< ?>;>65=88: ">GB8 3 <8;;80@40 G5;>25:, ?>;>28=0 2A53> =0A5;5=8O 75<=>3> H0@0, 682CB <5=55, G5< =0 3 52@> 2 45=L. 45 <8;;8>=>2 G5;>25: 5653>4=> C<8@05B >B 3>;>40 8 =54>540=8O. ! AB0; >4=>9 87 A0<KE C60A=KE M?845<89 <8@>2>9 8AB>@88 8 A?>A>1AB2C5B :>;;0?AC >1I5AB2. >2K5 1>;57=8 <>3CB =09B8 1KAB@>5 @0A?@>AB@0=5=85 8 AB0BL 3;>10;L=>9 C3@>7>9 =0 75<=>< H0@5. '5@=0O D@8:0 =K=5 154=55, G5< 10 ;5B =0704. '0AB> M:>=><8G5A:>5 =51;03>?>;CG85 A2O7K205BAO A ?>;8B8G5A:8<8 ?@>1;5<0<8 8 =0A8;LAB25==K<8 :>=D;8:B0<8". ">, GB> M:>=><8G5A:0O A>AB02;ONI0O 52@>?59A:>9 157>?0A=>AB8 >A>15==> ?>4G5@:8205BAO 2 ">:C<5=B5 !>;0=K", O2;O5BAO >G5=L 206=K< >1AB>OB5;LAB2><, => 745AL >4=>2@5<5==> ?@>O2;O5BAO ?5@20O ?@8=F8?80;L=0O >H81:0 MB>3> 4>:C<5=B0: 1. BACBAB2C5B :0:>5-;81> A>45@60B5;L=>5 C:070=85 =0 B>, :0: @07>@20BL MB>B G5@B>2 :@C3: M:>=><8G5A:CN >BAB0;>ABL - ?>;8B8G5A:CN =5AB018;L=>ABL - =0A8;LAB25==K5 :>=D;8:BK. 2. BACBAB2C5B ;N1>5 C:070=85 =0 B>, GB> M:>=><8G5A:>5 =51;03>?>;CG85 O2;O5BAO C45;>< =5 B>;L:> M:>=><8G5A:8 >BAB0;>3> "B@5BL53> <8@0", => 8 >B=>A8BAO B0:65 : 2KA>:>@0728BK< M:>=><8:0<, =0?@8<5@, !( 8 2@>?K. 3. 7-70 MB>9 >A=>2=>9 >H81:8 >BACBAB2C5B 8 C:070=85 =0 >A=>2=>9 ?CBL @5H5=8O B@0=A0B;0=B8G5A:8E :>=D;8:B>2: A>2<5AB=>5 ?@5>4>;5=85 >1I53> M:>=><8G5A:>3> 8 D8=0=A>2>3> :@878A0. -:>=><8G5A:89 :@878A 30-E 3>4>2 A2845B5;LAB2C5B > B><, GB> ?> >15 AB>@>=K B;0=B8:8 <>3CB ?@>:;04K20BL A515 ?CBL 48:B0BC@0 8 2>9=0. ">, GB> C40;>AL ?@54>B2@0B8BL $@0=:;8=C C725;LBC 2 !(, A;CG8;>AL 2 5@<0=88. 0 B0:>< 8AB>@8G5A:>< D>=5 =54>>F5=:0 =K=5H=53> A8AB5<0B8G5A:>3> 8 3;>10;L=>3> M:>=><8G5A:>3> 8 D8=0=A>2>3> :@878A0, 2 F5=B@5 :>B>@>3> =0E>4OBAO !( 8 :>B>@K9 ACI5AB25==> 70B@038205B 8 2@>?C, O2;O5BAO ?@8=F8?80;L=>9 >H81:>9 ?@8 D>@<8@>20=88 52@>?59A:>9 AB@0B5388 157>?0A=>AB8. 5B =8G53> C4828B5;L=>3> 2 B><, GB> !( :0: AC?5@45@6020 2 A8;C @0ABCI8E 2=CB@5==8E M:>=><8G5A:8E A;01>AB59 2A5 1>;LH5 A:;>=O5BAO : ?@>2545=8N =K=5H=59 >?CAB>H8B5;L=>9 2=5H=59 8 2>5==>9 ?>;8B8:8. G5=L 206=K< D0:B>@>< 157>?0A=>AB8 O2;O5BAO B>, GB> 0<5@8:0=A:0O M:>=><8:0 1>;LH5 =5 2 A>AB>O=88 >15A?5G820BL A2>N A>1AB25==CN AB@0=C, 0 2K=C645=0 2 :@548B =0 AC<<C 500 <8;;80@4>2 4>;;0@>2 22>78BL 1>;LH5 B>20@>2, G5< 2K2>78B 87 AB@0=K.  -<<0=CM;L ">44 =5 >@838=0;5=, :>340 :>=AB0B8@C5B, GB> 04<8=8AB@0F8O CH0 ?KB05BAO "?CB5< ?@>O2;5=8O B50B@0;L=>9 2>5==>9 0:B82=>AB8, :>B>@0O =0?@02;5=0 ?@>B82 A;01KE 3>AC40@AB2, 70<0A:8@>20BL A>1AB25==>5 ?045=85 8 AB0@05BAO A>74020BL 8 ?>445@6820BL >?@545;5==K9 C@>25=L <564C=0@>4=>9 =0?@O65==>AB8 8 A>AB>O=85 >3@0=8G5==>9 2>9=K 2 >B45;L=KE @538>=0E. <5@8:0=A:89 M:>=><8AB 8 ?>;8B8: 8=4>= 0@CH, :>B>@K9 2KAB02;O; A2>N :0=4840BC@C =0 ?@57845=BA:89 ?>AB >B 5<>:@0B8G5A:>9 ?0@B88, ?>4G5@:8205B, GB> 4>1@>2>;L=0O 0:B82=0O 458=4CAB@80;870F8O <5@8:8 2 ?>;L7C =5?@>4C:B82=>3> >1I5AB20 ?>B@51;5=8O A ?C30NI59 D8=0=A>2>9 =04AB@>9:>9 2A5 1>;LH5 =0?><8=05B 8<A:CN 8<?5@8N ?>A;5 2B>@>9 C=8G5A:>9 2>9=K. <5@8:0=A:89 ?@><KH;5==K9 @01>G89 :;0AA 8 B0: =07K205<K5 A@54=85 A;>8 A 8E =5<KA;8<>9 4;O 52@>?59A:8E CA;>289 704>;65==>ABLN ?5@56820NB AC4L1C, AE>6CN A AC4L1>9 @8<A:8E :@5ABLO= 8 @5<5A;5==8:>2, :>B>@K5 1;03>40@O H8@>:><C ?@8<5=5=8N @01A:>3> B@C40 8 8<?>@BC B>20@>2 2A5E 284>2 87 !8F8;88, 38?B0, @5F88 8 0;>9 788 1K;8 ?@52@0I5=K 2 ?@>;5B0@852. >5==0O 8 D8=0=A>20O 3535<>=8O 8<A:>9 8<?5@88 A<>3;0 B>;L:> =0 2@5<O CA?>:>8BL A2>5 ?@>;5B0@878@>20==>5 =0A5;5=85 A ?><>ILN "E;510 8 7@5;8I", ?>:0 =5 C<5@;0 M:>=><8:0 8 =5 1K;0 @0AB@0G5=0 2>5==0O A8;0. > 2 >B;8G85 >B 8<A:>9 8<?5@88 <8@C 2 M?>EC >@C68O <0AA>2>3> C=8GB>65=8O 3@>78B >?0A=>ABL "8<?5@A:>3> 153AB20 2?5@54" ?CB5< ?@525=B82=>3> ?@8<5=5=8O >@C68O <0AA>2>3> ?>@065=8O - 8 =5 A> AB>@>=K :0:8E-;81> 3>AC40@AB2-873>52, 0 A> AB>@>=K >4=>2@5<5==> >3@><=>9 8 8AB>I5==>9 8<?5@88, :>B>@0O ?>B5@O;0 4@C385 2>7<>6=>AB8 2K1>@0 ?>;8B8G5A:8E, M:>=><8G5A:8E 40 8 2>5==KE <5@. 54>AB0B>G=>5 2=8<0=85 7=0G5=8N A8AB5<0B8G5A:8E M:>=><8G5A:8E 8 D8=0=A>2KE :@878A>2 2 ">:C<5=B5 !>;0=K", :>B>@K5 A59G0A 8<5NB 3;>10;L=K5 ?>;8B8G5A:85 8 M:>=><8G5A:85 ?>A;54AB28O, =5 405B 2>7<>6=>AB8 =09B8 "2KE>4 2?5@54" 2 >B=>H5=8OE <564C 2@>?>9 8 !(. 0@CH ?>4G5@:820;, GB> 2 A8;C B5A=>3> ?5@5?;5B5=8O M:>=><8G5A:8E 8 D8=0=A>2KE <5E0=87<>2 !( 8 2@>?K H0=A ?@8=F8?80;L=>3> 8 ?>;>68B5;L=>3> 2KE>40 87 A>7402H59AO A8BC0F88 70:;NG05BAO 2 B><, GB> A8AB5<0B8G5A:89 M:>=><8G5A:89 8 D8=0=A>2K9 :@878A <>6=> ?@5>4>;5BL B>;L:> A>2<5AB=>! 8 !>548=5==K5 (B0BK, =8 3>AC40@AB20 2@>?59A:>3> !>N70 A 8E "<O3:8<8" ?0@;0<5=BA:8<8 AB@C:BC@0<8 =5 2 A>AB>O=88 MB> A45;0BL 2 >48=>G:C. ;NG : ?@5>4>;5=8N :@878A0 =0E>48BAO ?> >158< AB>@>=0< B;0=B8:8. A;8 745AL 1C45B 4>AB83=CB0 >1>N4=0O 4>3>2>@5==>ABL ?> ?@>2545=8N A>3;0A>20==>9 M:>=><8G5A:>9 AB@0B5388, B> ?>O2OBAO E>@>H85 H0=AK CG0AB8O 2 MB>< ?@>F5AA5 /?>=88, >AA88, 8B0O, =488 8 4@C38E 3>AC40@AB2 A ?>4=8<0NI8<8AO M:>=><8:0<8. 0@CH ?>MB><C ?@54;0305B A>740BL A2>53> @>40 B@0=A0B;0=B8G5A:89 >@30= (Grand Design), 2 F5=B@5 2=8<0=8O :>B>@>3> 4>;6=> 1KBL @5H5=85 ?@>1;5<K ACI5AB2>20=8O: - ?@5>4>;5=85 M:>=><8G5A:>3> 8 D8=0=A>2>3> :@878A0; - @5>@30=870F8O 03>=878@CNI59 <8@>2>9 D8=0=A>2>9 A8AB5<K A 55 =5?@5>4>;8<>9 ?@>?0ABLN <564C 0::C<C;8@>20==K<8 D8=0=A>2K<8 03@530B0<8 8 @50;L=K<8 M:>=><8G5A:8<8 @5AC@A0<8; - A>740=85 @50;L=>9 ?5@A?5:B82K 2>AAB0=>2;5=8O M:>=><8: ?> >15 AB>@>=K B;0=B8:8 A ?>1>G=>9 ?5@A?5:B82>9 4;O @0728B8O 2@>0788 8 D@8:8. !>740=85 MB>3> B@0=A0B;0=B8G5A:>3> >@30=0 1K;> 1K @50;L=K< A>45@60B5;L=K< =0?>;=5=85< B>3>, > G5< ?>74=55 3>2>@8BAO 2 ">:C<5=B5 !>;0=K": "!>2<5AB=> 2@>?59A:89 !>N7 8 !>548=5==K5 (B0BK <>3CB AB0BL 7=0G8B5;L=>9 A>7840B5;L=>9 A8;>9 2 <8@5". > 70<KA;C 0@CH0, ?@54?>AK;:>9 4;O A>740=8O B0:>3> B@0=A0B;0=B8G5A:>3> >@30=0 O2;O5BAO >A>7=0=85 74>@>2K<8 A8;0<8 2 !( B>3>, GB> 8E AB@0=0 ?>?0;0 2 AB@0B538G5A:89 BC?8: 87-70 C<8@0=8O @50;L=>9 M:>=><8:8, 8<?5@A:>3> @07@0AB0=8O 8 @07@CH8B5;L=KE 2>9=. ">2K5 C3@>7K" 54>AB0B>G=>5 2=8<0=85 M:>=><8G5A:><C 8 D8=0=A>2><C :@878AC A 53> 40;5:> 84CI8<8 3;>10;L=K<8 ?>;8B8G5A:8<8, M:>=><8G5A:8<8 8 2>5==K<8 ?>A;54AB28O<8 =530B82=> >B@078;>AL 8 =0 ?5@5G8A;5=88 2 ">:C<5=B5 !>;0=K" "F5=B@0;L=KE C3@>7": - "5@@>@87<, :>B>@K9 ?@54AB02;O5B @0ABCICN AB@0B538G5A:CN C3@>7C 4;O 2A59 2@>?K. - 0;L=59H55 @0A?@>AB@0=5=85 >@C68O <0AA>2>3> C=8GB>65=8O (#), :>B>@>5 ?>B5=F80;L=> ?@54AB02;O5B A0<CN 1>;LHCN C3@>7C =0H59 157>?0A=>AB8, ?>A:>;L:C B5@@>@8AB8G5A:85 3@C??K <>3CB >2;045BL # 8 =0=5AB8 AB>;L:> CI5@10, =0 :>B>@K9 1K;8 A?>A>1=K 2 ?@>H;>< ;8HL F5;K5 3>AC40@AB20 8 0@<88. - 538>=0;L=K5 :>=D;8:BK, ?@8 MB>< ?>74=55 2 4>:C<5=B5 45;05BAO ?>78B82=>5 70O2;5=85 > B><, GB> @5H5=85 0@01>-87@08;LA:>3> :>=D;8:B0 O2;O5BAO AB@0B538G5A:8< ?@8>@8B5B>< 4;O 2@>?K. - >AC40@AB20, ?>B5@?52H85 :@CH5=85, B0:85, :0: !><0;8, 815@8O 8 D30=8AB0= ?@8 B0;810E. - @30=87>20==0O ?@5ABC?=>ABL, :>B>@0O A45;0;0 2@>?C A2>59 3;02=>9 F5;LN. -B8 C3@>7K @50;L=K5, => 2 4>:C<5=B5 =8 >4=8< A;>2>< =5 C?><O=CB0 F5=B@0;L=0O C3@>70 4;O <8@0 =0 75<;5 - AB@0B538O =0=5A5=8O O45@=KE ?@525=B82=KE C40@>2, :>B>@CN ?@>?>254C5B D@0:F8O =5>:>=A5@20B>@>2 2 04<8=8AB@0F88 CH0, :;NG52>9 D83C@>9 :>B>@>9 O2;O5BAO 28F5-?@57845=B !( 8: '59=8.  ">:C<5=B5 !>;0=K" =5B =8:0:>9 AAK;:8 =0 0F8>=0;L=CN AB@0B538N 157>?0A=>AB8 >B 17 A5=BO1@O 2002 3>40, :>B>@0O =0@CH05B 2A5 459AB2CNI85 =>@<K <564C=0@>4=>3> ?@020. 0G0B0O 2 <0@B5 2003 3>40 2>9=0 2 @0:5, :>B>@0O ?>A;5 A2>53> ">D8F80;L=>3>" >:>=G0=8O ?@>4>;605BAO :0: ?0@B870=A:0O 2>9=0, O2;O5BAO 2 :>=F5 :>=F>2 2>5==K< ?@5B2>@5=85< 2 687=L AB@0B5388 =0=5A5=8O ?@525=B82=KE C40@>2.  @57C;LB0B5 C<5=LH5=8O 2=8<0=8O : NSS-2003 8 2>9=5 2 @0:5 ">:C<5=B !>;0=K" ?@8>1@5B05B 7=0G8B5;L=K9 =0;5B 8@@50;L=>AB8, ?@8 MB>< 4065 53> ?>25@E=>AB=>5 ?@>GB5=85 ?>1C6405B A45;0BL 2K2>4, GB> "!B@0B538O 52@>?59A:>9 157>?0A=>AB8" 704C<0=0 :0: ?@>B82>25A NSS-2002. !B0=>28BAO OA=>, GB> C?><O=CBK5 C3@>7K ?>4@07C<520NB 3>B>2=>ABL ! 459AB2>20BL ?@5645, G5< =0ABC?8B :@878A. @54>B2@0I5=85 :>=D;8:B>2 8 C3@>7 =8:>340 =5 <>65B 1KBL =0G0B> A;8H:>< @0=>.  ?@>B82>?>;>6=>ABL <0AA82=K< 8 >B:@KBK< C3@>70< ?5@8>40 E>;>4=>9 2>9=K =8 >4=0 87 =>2KE C3@>7 =5 O2;O5BAO G8AB> 2>5==>9 8 ?@>B82 =55 =5;L7O ?@8<5=OBL G8AB> 2>5==K5 A@54AB20. ;O 1>@L1K A ;N1>9 87 =8E =5>1E>48<> ?@8<5=5=85 A<5H0==KE A@54AB2 - ?>;8B8G5A:8E, M:>=><8G5A:8E, @07254K20B5;L=KE, N@848G5A:8E 8 (8;8) 2>5==KE. >74=55 8A?>;L7C5BAO ?>=OB85 ?@525=B82=KE <5@, :>B>@K5 ?@54CA<0B@820NB ?@8<5=5=85 "?>;=>3> A?5:B@0 8=AB@C<5=B>2 4;O ?@54>B2@0I5=8O :>=D;8:B>2" - ?>;8B8G5A:8E, 48?;><0B8G5A:8E, 2>5==KE, 3@0640=A:8E, B>@3>2KE, 8 =5 8A:;NG0NB ?@8 =5>1E>48<>AB8 A8;>2>9 8=B5@25=F88, ?>4 :>B>@>9, 25@>OB=>, ?>4@07C<5205BAO 2>5==0O 8=B5@25=F8O. > 2A59 25@>OB=>AB8, ">:C<5<=B !>;0=K" E>G5B ?@>B82>A?>AB028BL ?>;8B8:C ?@525=B82=KE 2>9= AB@0B5388 ?@525=B82=KE <5@. !;54CNI0O G0ABL 4>:C<5=B0 =>A8B =0720=85 "564C=0@>4=K9 ?>@O4>:, >A=>2K20NI89AO =0 MDD5:B82=>9 <=>3>AB>@>==>AB8". @8 MB>< =5 C?><8=05BAO, GB> ?>=OB85 <=>3>AB>@>==>AB8 2 04<8=8AB@0F88 CH0 8A?>;L7C5BAO 4;O >1E>40 70:>=>40B5;L=KE >A=>2 <8@>2>9 ?>;8B8:8. 0;55 2 4>:C<5=B5 A:070=>: "=0H0 157>?0A=>ABL 8 1;03>A>AB>O=85 7028AOB >B MDD5:B82=>9 <=>3>AB>@>==59 A8AB5<K... K <=>38< >1O70=K <564C=0@>4=><C ?@02C 8 @57C;LB0B0< 53> 40;L=59H53> @0728B8O. $C=40<5=B0;L=K5 @0<:8 <564C=0@>4=KE >B=>H5=89 >?@545;O5B #AB02 1J548=5==KE 0F89. !>25B 157>?0A=>AB8  =5A5B >A=>2=CN >B25BAB25==>ABL 70 ?>445@60=85 <8@0 8 157>?0A=>AB8. #A8;5=85 1J548=5==KE 0F89, A?>A>1=>ABL  8A?>;=OBL A2>8 >1O70==>AB8 8 =5AB8 >B25BAB25==>ABL 70 A2>8 459AB28O O2;ONBAO 52@>?59A:8< ?@8>@8B5B><". "0:>5 70O2;5=85 <>6=> B>;L:> ?@825BAB2>20BL. 0;55 @5GL 845B >1 >A=>2=>< M;5<5=B5 <564C=0@>4=>9 A8AB5< - B@0=A0B;0=B8G5A:8E >B=>H5=8OE, :>B>@K5 206=K =5 B>;L:> 4;O =0H8E 42CAB>@>==8E 8=B5@5A>2, => 8 C:@5?;ONB <564C=0@>4=>5 A>>1I5AB2>. " O2;O5BAO 206=K< 2K@065=85< MB8E >B=>H5=89... "@0=A0B;0=B8G5A:85 >B=>H5=8O =570<5=8<K. 2@>?59A:89 !>N7 8 !>548=5==K5 (B0BK <>3CB 2<5AB5 ?@54AB02;OBL A>1>9 <>I=CN A>7840B5;L=CN A8;C 2 8=B5@5A0E 2A53> <8@0. 0H59 F5;LN 4>;6=> 1KBL MDD5:B82=>5 8 C@02=>25H5==>5 ?0@B=5@AB2> A !(. -B> 5I5 >4=> >1JOA=5=85 B><C, GB> ! @0AH8@O5B A2>8 A>7840B5;L=K5 2>7<>6=>AB8 8 C:@5?;O5B 2=CB@5==NN A?;>G5==>ABL. 0;55 45;05BAO 4>102;5=85, GB> ! >4=>2@5<5==> AB@5<8BAO : CAB0=>2;5=8N "AB@0B538G5A:>3> ?0@B=5@AB20" A >AA859, 8B05<, =4859 8 0=04>9. !>1AB25==> G8AB> 2>5==0O G0ABL ">:C<5=B0 !>;0=K" =0AG8BK205B 2A53> =5A:>;L:> AB@>: 8 AD>@<C;8@>20=0 >G5=L >1I5 8 =5G5B:>: ">6=> A>740BL 2@>?C A 1>;LH8<8 2>7<>6=>ABO<8, => ?>B@51C5BAO 2@5<O, GB>1K @50;87>20BL MB> =0<5@5=85. 'B> A59G0A 45;05BAO 2 MB>< >B=>H5=88 - ?@5645 2A53> A>740=85 035=BAB20 >1>@>=K - MB> H03 2 ?@028;L=>< =0?@02;5=88. 5GL 845B > B><, GB>1K B@0=AD>@<8@>20BL =0H8 2>>@C65==K5 A8;K 2 381:85, <>18;L=K5 A8;K 1KAB@>3> @5038@>20=8O, A B5< GB>1K >=8 A>>B25BAB2>20;8 =>2K< C3@>70<, =5>1E>48<> B0:65 C45;8BL 1>;LH5 2=8<0=8O ;CGH5<C 8A?>;L7>20=8O 45=56=KE @5AC@A>2. !8AB5<0B8G5A:>5 8A?>;L7>20=85 :><18=8@>20==KE 8 >1I8E (2>5==KE) @5AC@A>2 A=878;> 1K 871KB>G=>ABL 8 D8:A8@>20==K5 @0AE>4K 8 @0AH8@8;> 1K A@54=5A@>G=K5 2>7<>6=>AB8... !>2<5AB=K5 0=0;87K C3@>7 O2;ONBAO ;CGH59 >A=>2>9 4;O A>2<5AB=KE 459AB289. -B> B@51C5B C;CGH5==>3> >1<5=0 @07254K20B5;L=>9 8=D>@<0F859 3>AC40@AB2-G;5=>2 ! A ?0@B=5@0<8... >AB>O==>5 A>B@C4=8G5AB2> <564C ! 8 ", ?@5645 2A53> ?> ?@>3@0<<5 "5@;8= ;NA", @0AH8@O5B >?5@0B82=CN 45OB5;L=>ABL ! 8 A>7405B @0<:8 4;O AB@0B538G5A:>3> ?0@B=5@AB20 <564C >158<8 >@30=870F8O<8 2 :@878A=KE A8BC0F8OE". 5@<0=>-D@0=FCA:0O 8=8F80B820 >B 29 0?@5;O 2003 3>40 >7<CI5=85, A :>B>@K< 2 0H8=3B>=5 2>A?@8=O;8 ?>;>65=8O "2@>?59A:>9 AB@0B5388 157>?0A=>AB8", >B=>A8BAO 8 : "@NAA5;LA:>9 45:;0@0F88" >B 29 0?@5;O 2003 3>40, :>B>@0O ?>O28;0AL ?> 8=8F80B825 $@0=F88 8 5@<0=88.  "!>2<5AB=>< 70O2;5=88 >B=>A8B5;L=> 52@>?59A:>9 ?>;8B8:8 2 AD5@5 >1>@>=K 8 157>?0A=>AB8" 3>2>@8BAO: "! @0AH8@5=85< ! 8 @07@01>B:>9 :>=AB8BCF8>==>3> 4>3>2>@0 2@>?59A:89 !>N7 2 1C4CI5< C:@5?8BAO, => 2 B> 65 2@5<O AB0=5B 1>;55 @07=>@>4=K<. K C15645=K 2 B><, GB> 2@>?0 4>;6=0 1KBL 2 A>AB>O=88 3>2>@8BL >4=8< 3>;>A>< 8 2 ?>;=>< >1J5<5 83@0BL A2>N @>;L 2 <564C=0@>4=>9 ?>;8B8:5... 2@>?59A:89 !>N7 4>;65= 8<5BL A2>N 70A;C6820NICN 4>25@85 ?>;8B8:C AD5@5 >1>@>=K 8 157>?0A=>AB8. 8?;><0B8O <>65B 1KBL MDD5:B82=>9 8 4>AB>25@=>9 B>;L:> 2 B>< A;CG05, 5A;8 >=0 <>65B >?8@0BLAO =0 MDD5:B82=K9 3@0640=A:89 8 2>5==K9 ?>B5=F80;... K C15645=K, GB> =0AB0;> 2@5<O ?@8 @0AH8@5=88 ! =0G0BL =>2CN D07C 2 52@>?59A:>9 ?>;8B8:5 2 AD5@5 >1>@>=K 8 157>?0A=>AB8, :>B>@0O >?8@05BAO =0 2>7@>AH85 52@>?59A:85 2>5==K5 2>7<>6=>AB8. -B8 CA8;82H85AO 2>5==K5 A?>A>1=>AB8 ! <>3CB ?@840BL =>2CN 48=0<8:C " 8 ?@>;>68BL ?CBL : >1=>2;5=8N B@0=A0B;0=B8G5A:8E >B=>H5=89... =CB@8 2@>?59A:>3> !>N70 4>;6=0 1KBL A>740=0 "2>7<>6=>ABL 4;O >ACI5AB2;5=8O 0:B82=>3> A>B@C4=8G5AB20 2 >1;0AB8 >1>@>=K... A5< 3>AC40@AB20<-G;5=0< !, 5A;8 >=8 MB>3> ?>65;0NB, 4>;6=0 1KBL 40=0 2>7<>6=>ABL 2 @0<:0E 1>;55 C3;C1;5==>3> 2>5==>3> A>B@C4=8G5AB20 27OBL =0 A51O @0AH8@5==K5 >1O70B5;LAB20 157 ?@8=C645=8O 4@C38E G;5=>2 ! 1@0BL 8E =0 A51O... #G0AB2CNI85 2 ! 3>AC40@AB20 4>;6=K 27OBL =0 A51O >1O70B5;LAB2> >:07K20BL 4@C3 4@C3C ?>445@6:C 8 ?><>IL ?@8 2>7=8:=>25=88 ;N1>3> @>40 >?0A=>AB8. 2@>?59A:><C !>N7C 4>;6=0 1KBL 40=0 2>7<>6=>ABL "8A?>;L7>20BL 3@0640=A:85 8 2>5==K5 A@54AB20 4;O ;8:2840F88 :>=D;8:B>2 8 :@878A>2, 2 B>< G8A;5 8 4;O @5H5=8O ?@5B5=F8>7=KE 7040G".  @NAA5;LA:>9 45:;0@0F88 ?@54;030NBAO A;54CNI85 :>=:@5B=K5 2>5==K5 8=8F80B82K: - !>740=85 52@>?59A:>3> <5E0=87<0 1KAB@>3> @5038@>20=8O, >A=>2>9 :>B>@>3> 4>;6=0 AB0BL 35@<0=>-D@0=FC7A:0O 1@83040, 8<5NI59 7040GC ?@>2545=8O >?5@0F89 A> AB>@>=K ! ?> <0=40BC ". - !>740=85 52@>?59A:>3> AB@0B538G5A:>3> 2>74CH=>-B@0=A?>@B=>3> ?>4@0745;5=8O 8 A8AB5<K !->1>@>=K (>B 0B><=>3>, 18>;>38G5A:>3> 8 E8<8G5A:>3> >@C68O - ?@8<. ?5@52>4G8:0). - @30=870F8O A>2<5AB=KE F5=B@>2 2>5==>9 ?>43>B>2:8. - !>740=85 F5=B@0 :>;;5:B82=>3> ?;0=8@>20=8O 8 ?@>2545=8O 2>5==KE >?5@0F89 157 >?>@K =0 A@54AB20 8 2>7<>6=>AB8 ". ;03>40@O B0:><C A>2<5AB=><C 8A?>;L7>20=8N @5AC@A>2 1C45B CAB@0=5=> 4C1;8@>20=85 8 ACI5AB25==> C;CGH5=0 >?5@0B82=>ABL <5@>?@8OB89. >4 ?>A;54=8<8 <=>3>A;>2=K<8 D>@<C;8@>2:0<8, ?> 2A59 2848<>AB8, ?>=8<05BAO A>740=85 A0<>AB>OB5;L=>9 2>5==>-HB01=>9 ?;0=8@CNI59 >@30=870F88 2@>?59A:>3> !>N70, :>B>@0O =5 :>=B@>;8@C5BAO ". 45AL A;54C5B ?>4G5@:=CBL, GB> @NAA5;LA:0O 45:;0@0F8O >B 29 0?@5;O 2003 3>40 =5 >?@545;O5B >1O70B5;L=>ABL A;54>20=8O MB>9 AB@0B5388 4;O !, 0 B>;L:> 22>48B "AB@C:BC@8@>20==>5 A>B@C4=8G5AB2>" ?@8 ?@>2545=88 ! 52@>?59A:>9 ?>;8B8:8 2 AD5@5 >1>@>=K 8 157>?0A=>AB8, 2 :>B>@>< <>3CB ?@8=8<0BL CG0AB85 3>AC40@AB20-G;5=K !, 5A;8 >=8 MB>3> 70E>BOB.  B> 65 2@5<O B5 3>AC40@AB20-G;5=K !, :>B>@K5 =5 65;0NB ?@8=8<0BL CG0AB85 2 B0:>< A>B@C4=8G5AB25, =5 <>3CB G8=8BL ?@5?OBAB28O B5< 3>AC40@AB20<, :>B>@K5 3>B>2K : B0:><C A>B@C4=8G5AB2C. "K =5 E>B8< A>74020BL A0<>AB>OB5;L=K5 2>5==K5 AB@C:BC@K !" @NAA5;LA:0O 2AB@5G0 A=0G0;0 2>A?@8=8<0;0AL 0<5@8:0=F0<8 ?>A;5 "?>154K" 2 @0:5 :0: =5 A>2A5< A5@L57=0O, >4=0:> 70B5< B>= 0<5@8:0=A:8E :><<5=B0@852 AB0; 65ABG5. 0?@02;5==>ABL 0<5@8:0=A:>9 ?@>?030=4K A2>48;0AL : A;54CNI5<C: "0@86 8 5@;8= E>BOB 70;>68BL <8=C ?>4 "".  MB> 4;O 0H8=3B>=0 A>25@H5==> =5?@85<;5<>. #4828B5;L=>, GB> 2 0H8=3B>=5 2 B5G5=85 <=>38E ;5B :@8B8:>20;8 2>5==CN A;01>ABL 8 ?0AA82=>ABL 52@>?59F52. "5?5@L 65 5I5 1>;55 C4828B5;L=>9 :065BAO 0<5@8:0=A:0O @50:F8O =0 ?@54;>65=85 52@>?59F52, :>B>@K5 3>B>2K 27OBL =0 A51O ?>;=CN >B25BAB25==>ABL 70 <8@>B2>@G5A:CN <8AA8O 2 >A=88 8 5@F>3>28=5, ?@>2>482HCNAO " 2 @0<:0E >?5@0F88 CFOR. -B> ?@54;>65=85 A> AB>@>=K ! ?>:0 >B:;>=5=>, E>BO MB> 1K >7=0G0;> ACI5AB25==>5 >1;53G5=85 4;O 2>>@C65==KE A8; !(, :>B>@K5 2 @0:5 C65 4>AB83;8 3@0=8FK ?@545;L=>9 703@C65==>AB8. ABL 8 4@C385 ?@>B82>@5G82K5 <><5=BK 2 ?>;8B8:5 0H8=3B>=0: 2 B5G5=85 ?@>H54H8E B@5E ;5B =5>:>=A5@20B>@K 2 04<8=8AB@0F88 CH0 2A5 2@5<O :@8B8:>20;8 " 70 B>, GB> MB0 2>5==0O >@30=870F8O 2 A2O78 A ?@8=F8?>< :>=A5=ACA0 :070;0AL 0<5@8:0=F0< 2 ?>;8B8G5A:>< 8 2>5==>< >B=>H5=88 A;8H:>< =5?>2>@>B;82K< >@30=><. > <=5=8N 0<5@8:0=F52, :>0;8F88 A>N7=8:>2, :0: MB> 1K;> ?@8 2>9=5 2 @0:5, <>3CB 459AB2>20BL MDD5:B82=55. "5?5@L 65 0H8=3B>= A=>20 2>72@0I05BAO : ;>7C=3C: "" ?@52KH5 2A53>". =8<0O =5?>2>@>B;82>ABL ", A2O70==0O A >ACI5AB2;5=85< ?@8=F8?0 :>=A5=ACA0 ?@8 >15A?5G5=88 :>;;5:B82=>9 157>?0A=>AB8 8 =5A>2<5AB8<>ABL 0<5@8:0=A:>9 4>:B@8=K =0=5A5=8O ?@525=B82=KE C40@>2 A 0H8=3B>=A:8< 4>3>2>@><, :>B>@K9 70:@5?8; A>740=85 " 2 1949 3>4C, :065BAO, C65 =5 O2;O5BAO B5<>9 4;O >1AC645=8O. >G5<C? 1JOA=5=85 B0:>9 :06CI59AO ?@>B82>@5G82>9 ?>78F88 04<8=8AB@0F88 CH0 >G5=L ?@>AB>5: 0H8=3B>= =5 E>B5; 1K B5@?5BL :0:8E-;81> =57028A8<KE 2>5==KE AB@C:BC@ 2@>?59A:>3> !>N70! >MB><C ;N1K5 ?>?KB:8 A>740BL B0:85 AB@C:BC@K @0AF5=820NBAO 0<5@8:0=A:>9 AB>@>=>9 :0: "?>4@K2 "". !>548=5==K5 (B0BK, =5A<>B@O =0 :06CICNAO =5?>2>@>B;82>ABL " 2 A2O78 A <=>3>=0F8>==0;L=K< E0@0:B5@>< >@30=870F88, 45@60B 2A5 ?>4 A2>8< :>=B@>;5<: 3;02=>:><0=4CNI89 2>9A:0<8 " - 0<5@8:0=5F, 8 =0 1>;55 =87:8E C@>2=OE 2;0AB8 B0:>5 65 ?>;>65=85. ", 2>7<>6=>, =5 >G5=L ?>4E>4OI89 8=AB@C<5=B 4;O >ACI5AB2;5=8O AB@0B5388 ?@525=B82=KE 2>9=, => ", :0: 8 ?@5645, O2;O5BAO E>@>H8< A@54AB2>< 4;O :>=B@>;O 70 2@>?>9. " ?>72>;O5B 0<5@8:0=F0< 2 A2>8E 8=B5@5A0E =0B@02;820BL "AB0@KE" 52@>?59F52 =0 "=>2KE". 0H8=3B>=, 8 2 ?5@2CN >G5@54L =5>:>=A5@20B>@K, 7=0NB :>=5G=>, GB> =57028A8<K5 2>5==K5 2>7<>6=>AB8 <=>3>=0F8>=0;L=>3> 2@>?59A:>3> !>N70 =5 ?@54AB02;ONB >?0A=>AB8 =8 4;O !(, =8 4;O :0:>3>-;81> 4@C3>3> 3>AC40@AB20. ! 2 A8;C 53> 2=CB@5==59 AB@C:BC@K A>25@H5==> =5 ?>4E>48B 4;O 2545=8O 70E20B=8G5A:8E 8 ?@525=B82=KE 2>9=. 4=0:> =0;8G85 =57028A8<>3> 2>5==>3> ?>B5=F80;0 2 2@>?5 AB0; 1K D0:B>@>< <8@>2>9 ?>;8B8:8, :>B>@K9, ?> :@09=59 <5@5, 70B@C4=O; 1K 548=>;8G=K5 2>5==K5 459AB28O 4@C38E 45@602. @8G8=K ?>O2;5=8O 52@>?59A:8E 8=8F80B82 2 AD5@5 157>?0A=>AB8 >G5<C $@0=F8O 8 5@<0=8O 2KABC?8;8 A 8=8F80B82>9 D>@<8@>20=8O 52@>?59A:>9 ?>;8B8:8 2 AD5@5 >1>@>=K 8 157>?0A=>AB8? 5 ?>4;568B A><=5=8N, GB> 52@>?59FK 2 90-E 3>40E 25;8 A51O A>25@H5==> ?0AA82=> 2 >1;0AB8 ?>;8B8:8 157>?0A=>AB8. -B> ?@>4>;60;>AL 4> 1995 3>40, >A>15==> 2> 2@5<O :>=D;8:B0 =0 0;:0=0E. >9=0 2 >A>2> 2 1999 3>4C 8<5;0 4@C3>9 E0@0:B5@. 5 ?>4;8==>9 F5;LN 1K;> "A<5=0 @568<0" 2 5;3@045 8 :>=A>;840F8O AD5@K 0<5@8:0=A:>3> 2;8O=8O =0 0;:0=0E 70 AG5B >AA88, 8B0O (1><10@48@>2:0 "?> >H81:5" :8B09A:>3> ?>A>;LAB20) 8 0?04=>9 2@>?K, :>B>@0O =0 ?@020E <;04H53> ?0@B=5@0 ?>72>;8;0 2BO=CBL A51O 2 MBC 2>9=C. 5A<>B@O =0 4>2>;L=> =0?@O65==K5 B@0=A0B;0=B8G5A:85 >B=>H5=8O 0H8=3B>=C >AB028;8 @>;L @C:>2>48B5;O 2 2>5==KE 2>?@>A0E, B0: :0: 2 2@>?5 ?@54?>;030;8, GB> CB25@482H85AO 70 <=>385 3>4K >B=>H5=8O 2 " 1C4CB A>E@0=OBLAO. "0:>5 ?>;>65=85 87<5=8;>AL B>;L:> ?>A;5 11 A5=BO1@O 2001 3>40, :>340 AB0;> OA=>, GB> !( =5 >3@0=8G0BAO HB@0D=>9 8=B5@25=F859 2 D30=8AB0=5. 2@>?59FK ?>=O;8, GB> ACI5AB2>202H85 4> MB>3> >A=>2K B@0=A0B;0=B8G5A:>9 ?>;8B8:8 157>?0A=>AB8, ACBL :>B>@>9 70:;NG0;0AL 2 ?@54>B2@0I5=88 8 BCH5=88 >G03>2 :>=D;8:B>2, =5>:>=A5@20B>@0<8 2 04<8=8AB@0F88 CH0 1K;8 A40=K 2 0@E82. 17 A5=BO1@O 2002 3>40 >4=>AB>@>==OO AB@0B538O ?@525=B82=KE 2>9= (NSS-2002) 1K;0 >1JO2;5=0 >D8F80;L=>9 4>:B@8=>9 157>?0A=>AB8 !( 8 H5ABL <5AOF52 A?CABO 1K;0 >ACI5AB2;5=0 =0 ?@0:B8:5 2> 2@5<O 2>9=K 2 @0:5. A:;NG0O B25@4>5 O4@> "=>2KE 52@>?59F52", : :>B>@K< B5?5@L =5;L7O 157>3>2>@>G=> ?@8G8A;OBL 1@8B0=F52, 2 2@>?5 ?>=O;8, GB> >AB05BAO B>;L:> >48= 2K1>@: 8;8 1KBL 20AA0;L=K< ?@840B:>< 8<?5@A:>9 ?>;8B8:8 2545=8O ?@525=B82=KE 2>9= 8;8 AB@5<8BLAO 4>18BLAO =57028A8<>AB8, => =8 2 :>5< A;CG05 =5 4>2>48BL 4> @07@K20 >B=>H5=8O A 0H8=3B>=><. B> 2 ?@>H54H85 <5AOFK 15A54>20; A 52@>?59A:8<8 ?>;8B8:0<8 2 AD5@5 157>?0A=>AB8, B>B <>3 :>=AB0B8@>20BL, GB> =57028A8<> >B ?0@B89=>9 ?@8=04;56=>AB8 8;8 =0F8>=0;L=>AB8, 8A:;NG0O B25@4KE "C;LB@0-0B;0=B8AB>2" 8 "=>2KE 52@>?59F52", 2 2@>?5 A>7@5; :>=A5=ACA, :>B>@K9 <>6=> E0@0:B5@87>20BL :0: 2K1>@ 42CE ?CB59: 4=8 =5 E>BOB @20BL >B=>H5=8O A !( 8 ?KB0NBAO ?>AB028BL :0@BC =0 B5 A8;K 2 !(, :>B>@K5 E>BO 8 284OB 2 !( 3;>10;L=CN 254CICN 45@602C, => AG8B0NB 55 >4=>AB>@>==59 8<?5@A:>9 A8;>9 A <0=40B>< =0 ?@525=B82=K5 2>9=K. @C385 @5H8B5;L=> =0AB@>5=K =0 B>, GB>1K :0G5AB25==> 8=B5=A8D8F8@>20BL ?@>F5AA A?;>G5=8O 2@>?K, ?>B><C GB> ;N1>5 >B45;L=> 27OB>5 52@>?59A:>5 3>AC40@AB2> ?@>AB> A;01> 4;O 459AB289 2 >48=>G:C. @8 MB>< 35@<0=>-D@0=FC7A:><C A>B@C4=8G5AB2C >B2>48BAO :;NG520O @>;L. 5H0NI55 7=0G5=85 8<55B "AB@C:BC@8@>20==>5 A>B@C4=8G5AB2>" 2 2@>?59A:>< !>N75, :>B>@>5 <>6=> >E0@0:B5@87>20BL :0: A>B@C4=8G5AB2> A @07;8G=K<8 A:>@>ABO<8. >AC40@AB20, :>B>@K5 E>BOB B5A=> A>B@C4=8G0BL, <>3CB MB> 45;0BL, :B> 65 =5 E>G5B, B><C =5;L7O G8=8BL ?@5?OBAB28O.  8725AB=>9 AB5?5=8 B0:0O ?>78F8O >7=0G05B B>, GB> 2@>?59A:89 !>N7 >1@07C5B "?@>B82>25A" !>548=5==K< (B0B0<, ?@8 MB>< ! =8:>340 =5 AB0=5B 52@>?59A:8< "AC?5@3>AC40@AB2><", 2 :>B>@>< >B45;L=K5 AB@0=K ;8H0BLAO =0F8>=0;L=>9 845=B8G=>AB8. ( :>=F5 :>=F>2 ;N1>5 3>AC40@AB2>-G;5= !, :>B>@>5 2848B 4;O A51O >?0A=>ABL ?>B5@8 AC25@5=8B5B0, 2A5340 <>65B ?>:8=CBL A>N7). "!B@C:BC@8@>20==>5 A>B@C4=8G5AB2>" 2 @0<:0E ! 7=0G8B5;L=> >A;>6=8B ?@>2545=85 0<5@8:0=A:8<8 =5>:>=A5@20B>@0<8 ?>;8B8:8 @0745;0 ! =0 "=>2CN" 8 "AB0@CN" 2@>?C. >5==0O A>AB02;ONI0O 52@>?59A:>9 ?>;8B8:8 157>?0A=>AB8. 'B> 59 =54>AB05B?  52@>?59A:>9 ?>;8B8:5 157>?0A=>AB8 157 >B25B0 >AB0NBAO F5=B@0;L=K5 2>?@>AK 2>5==>9 ?>;8B8:8. 5GL 845B > B@5E :><?;5:A0E 2>?@>A>2: 'B> A>AB02;O5B >A=>2C 1>5A?>A>1=>AB8 3>AC40@AB2, :>B>@K5 ?@8=8<0NB CG0AB85 2 "AB@C:BC@8@>20==><" 52@>?59A:>< >1>@>==>< A>>1I5AB25? 45AL @5GL 845B > ?5@A>=0;L=>< A>AB025 2>>@C65==KE A8; CG0AB2CNI8E 3>AC40@AB2.  :0:>9 D>@<5 <>65B 1KBL A>740= <5E0=87< O45@=>3> CAB@0H5=8O 2 52@>?59A:>< >1>@>==>< A>>1I5AB25, 5A;8 O45@=K< >@C685< 2 ! >1;040NB B>;L:> $@0=F8O 8 5;8:>1@8B0=8O? 0:>20 @>;L >AA88 2 A2O78 A A>740=85< 52@>?59A:>3> >1>@>==>3> A>>1I5AB20? 0:8< >1@07>< CG8BK20NBAO 8=B5@5AK 157>?0A=>AB8 >AA88? >8=A:0O ?>28==>ABL 8;8 =0@>4=0O <8;8F8O 1>@>=0 =0 =0F8>=0;L=>< 8 52@>?59A:>< C@>2=OE 5ABL ?@5645 2A53> 45;> ;N459, :>B>@K5, 65;0O B>3> 8;8 =5 65;0O, 3>B>2K ?@8=OBL CG0AB85 2 >1>@>=5 A2>59 AB@0=K 8 @8A:>20BL ?@8 MB>< A2>8< 74>@>2L5< 8 687=LN. =0G5=85 ;8G=>AB=>3> D0:B>@0 4;O >1>@>=K 206=55 2>5==>-AB@0B538G5A:>3>, 2>5==>->@30=870F8>==>3> 8 2>5==>-B5E=8G5A:>3> D0:B>@>2. > G5;>25:, :0: 3>B>2K9 : 1>N A>;40B, 2 A2>5< A5<59=>< 8 >1I5AB25==>< >:@C65=88 2> 2@5<O ?@>8AE>4OI8E 48A:CAA89 >B>428305BAO =0 2B>@>9 ?;0=. AB>@8O @0728B8O 2>5==>3> 45;0 =0 52@>?59A:>< :C;LBC@=>< ?@>AB@0=AB25 ?>:07K205B, GB> 2 F5=B@5 8=B5@5A>2 2>5==KE CG5=KE 2A5340 1K;> ?@>B82>?>AB02;5=85 ?>=OB89 "=05<=8:" 8 "3@0640=8= 2 D>@<5". 57>?0A=>ABL ;N1>3> 3>AC40@AB20 8;8 A>N70 3>AC40@AB2 =0 ?@>4>;68B5;L=K9 A@>: <>65B 1KBL >15A?5G5=0 B>;L:> ?@8 CA;>288, 5A;8 C =0A5;5=8O 5ABL B25@40O 2=CB@5==OO C15645==>ABL 2 B><, GB> "157>?0A=>ABL" @>4=>9 AB@0=K O2;O5BAO 8E A>1AB25==K< 45;><. >@>G5 3>2>@O, 2A5>1I0O 2>8=A:0O ?>28==>ABL O2;O5BAO >A=>2>9 4>:B@8=K "AB@0B538G5A:>9 >1>@>=K", :>B>@0O O2;O5BAO 0=B8?>4>< ;N1>9 8<?5@A:>9 4>:B@8=K 70E20B=8G5A:8E 8 ?@525=B82=KE 2>9=. $C=:F8O =0A5;5=8O 2 =5>1E>48<>< A;CG05 A >@C685< 2 @C:0E 70I8I0BL A2>5 3>AC40@AB2> <>65B 1KBL ?5@540=0 2 @C:8 =05<=8:>2, >4=0:> MB> =5 ?@>E>48B 40@>< 4;O 3>AC40@AB20.  C4828B5;L=>, ?>G5<C MB>B >A=>2=>9 C@>: 8AB>@88 A=>20 83=>@8@C5BAO 8;8 65 701KB 2 =0H5 2@5<O. A5 1>;LH5 3>AC40@AB2, 2E>4OI8E 2 !, >B<5=ONB 2A5>1ICN 2>8=A:CN >1O70==>ABL.  50-E 3>40E 5;8:>1@8B0=8O >B<5=8;0 2>8=A:CN ?>28==>ABL, 2 1973 3>4C MB> A45;0;8 !>548=5==K5 (B0BK.  90-E 3>40E, ?>A;5 >:>=G0=8O E>;>4=>9 2>9=K, 2 :>=B8=5=B0;L=>9 2@>?5 >B =55 >B:070;8AL $@0=F8O, 845@;0=4K, 5;L38O 8 A?0=8O.  5@<0=88 8 B0;88 ?;0=8@C5B ?5@5E>4 : ?@>D5AA8>=0;L=>9 0@<88. > 2@5<O A2>53> ?@>I0;L=>3> 2878B0 2 5@;8= CE>482H89 2 >BAB02:C A ?>AB0 5=5@0;L=>3> A5:@5B0@O " ;>@4 >15@BA>= ?>AG8B0; =5>1E>48<K< ?>B@51>20BL >B 5@<0=88 >B<5=K 2>8=A:>9 >1O70==>AB8. -B0 B5=45=F8O O2;O5BAO @0728B85< 2 =5?@028;L=>< =0?@02;5=88, 8 53> =5;L7O 2>A?@8=8<0BL ?>;>68B5;L=>, 5A;8 @5GL 845B > 157>?0A=>AB8 2@>?K =0 4;8B5;L=K9 ?5@8>4. !B>@>==8:8 >B<5=K 2>8=A:>9 ?>28==>AB8 2 2@>?5 >1>A=>2K20NB A2>N ?>78F8N ?> ACI5AB2C B@5<O D0:B>@0<8: >2>@OB, GB> ?>A;5 >:>=G0=8O E>;>4=>9 2>9=K 2 >1>7@8<>< 1C4CI5< =5B 1>;LH5 >?0A=>AB8 =0?045=8O 8 8=B5@25=F88 =0 B5@@8B>@8N 52@>?59A:8E AB@0= 8;8 2A53> A>N70. >MB><C O:>1K >B?0;0 =5>1E>48<>ABL 8<5BL :@C?=K5 2>>@C65==K5 A8;K 8 ?@>2>48BL <0AA>2CN <>18;870F8N 2>5==>>1O70==KE. ">2K5 C3@>7K" - B5@@>@87<, @538>=0;L=K5 :>=D;8:BK, ?>B5@?52H85 :@0E 3>AC40@AB20, :>B>@K5 ?@82545=K 2 ">:C<5=B5 !>;0=K", B@51CNB 8A?>;L7>20=8O =51>;LH8E, 2KA>:><>18;L=KE 8 >?B8<0;L=> ?>43>B>2;5==KE "8=B5@25=F8>=8ABA:8E 2>>@C65==KE A8;", :>B>@K5 <>3CB 8A?>;L7>20BLAO ?> 2A5<C <8@C. ;O MB>3> :@C?=K5 0@<88, 2 :>B>@KE A;C60B 2>5==>>1O70==K5, C65 O:>1K =5 ?@54=07=0G5=K. >;LH85 0@<88, A>740==K5 =0 >A=>25 >1O70B5;L=>3> ?@87K20 2>5==>>1O70==KE, O:>1K A;8H:>< 4>@>38, 2 B> 2@5<O :0: :><?0:B=K5 ?@>D5AA8>=0;L=K5 0@<88 B@51CNB <5=LH5 A@54AB2 =0 8E A>45@60=85. 4=0:> ?>A;54=55 CB25@645=85 =8 2 >4=>9 AB@0=5, 345 1K;0 >B<5=5=0 2>8=A:0O ?>28==>ABL, =5 1K;> 4>:070=>. 57 A><=5=8O, C3@>7K 157>?0A=>AB8 3>AC40@AB20 8;8 A>N70 3>AC40@AB2 =5 >3@0=8G820NBAO B>;L:> =5?>A@54AB25==>9 >?0A=>ABLN 8=B5@25=F88 =0 B5@@8B>@8N AB@0=K. !5@L57=K5 C3@>7K 157>?0A=>AB8 =5;L7O >3@0=8G820BL B>;L:> 35>3@0D8G5A:8. $0:B>< O2;O5BAO B0:65 B>, GB> =5>1E>48<>ABL A@>G=KE 2>5==KE 459AB289 <>65B 2>7=8:=CBL ?@8 C3@>75 <8@C =0 75<;5 2 ;N1>< @538>=5 75<=>3> H0@0 (2 A>>B25BAB288 A #AB02>< ).  MB>< A<KA;5 2>5==K5 "8=B5@25=F88" 2 @538>=0E 2=5 7>=K >1>@>=K A>1AB25==>9 AB@0=K 8;8 A>N70 AB@0= B@51CNB ?@>2545=8O >?@545;5==KE ?>43>B>28B5;L=KE, >@30=870F8>==KE <5@, => =5 2 :>5< A;CG05 >B<5=K 2>8=A:>9 ?>28==>AB8. @><5 B>3>, =5 ?>4;568B A><=5=8N, GB> 2>5==K5 "8=B5@25=F88" =0 B5@@8B>@88 40;5:> 70 ?@545;0<8 AB@0=K B@51CNB ?>?>;=5=8O >BACBAB2CNI8E 2>>@C65==KE A8;, 8 ;N1CN =54>C:><?;5:B>20==>ABL 0@<88 =5>1E>48<> @0AA<0B@820BL :0: ?>B5=F80;L=CN C3@>7C 157>?0A=>AB8. 8:B> =5 <>65B A5@L57=> 70?>4>7@8BL 3>AC40@AB20 ! 2 =0<5@5=88 25AB8 70E20B=8G5A:85 8;8 ?@525=B82=K5 2>9=K. 4=0:>, 5A;8 4065 ?@54?>;>68BL B0:>5, B> 0@<88 87 2>5==>>1O70==KE <>3;8 1K AK3@0BL @>;L "AB@0B538G5A:>3> 1;>:8@CNI53> <5E0=87<0" B0:8E 459AB289. ;O 2>5==KE 020=BN@ 8 =5?@>4C<0==KE 8=B5@25=F89 ?>4 :0:8<8 C3>4=> ?@54;>30<8 0@<88 87 ?@87K2=8:>2 A>25@H5==> =5 ?@83>4=K 8 O2;ONBAO E>@>H8< B>@<>7OI8< <5E0=87<><. @028B5;LAB2> ;M@0 2 5;8:>1@8B0=88 2>?@5:8 2>;5 1>;LH8=AB20 =0A5;5=8O CG0AB2>20;> 2 8@0:A:>9 2>9=5 25A=>9 2003 3>40. A;8 1K 2 5;8:>1@8B0=88 ACI5AB2>20;0 2>8=A:0O ?>28==>ABL, B> >G5=L A><=8B5;L=>, GB>1K ;M@ A<>3 1K ?@8=OBL CG0AB85 2 8@0:A:>9 2>9=5 =0 AB>@>=5 04<8=8AB@0F88 CH0. #65 87 2KH5A:070==>3> =0?@0H8205BAO 2K2>4, GB> A>E@0=5=85 8;8 2>AAB0=>2;5=85 2A5>1I59 2>8=A:>9 ?>28==>AB8 O2;O5BAO A@>G=>9 =5>1E>48<>ABLN.  MB><C A;54C5B 4>1028BL, GB> >B 2>8=A:>9 ?>28==>AB8 =5;L7O >B:070BLAO ?>B><C, GB> B>;L:> >=0 A>7405B H8@>:CN 107C ;N459, ?>;CG0NI8E 8;8 ?>;CG82H8E >A=>2=CN 2>5==CN ?>43>B>2:C, 2 MB>< :>=B8=35=B5, :>=5G=>, =0E>4OB A2>5 <5AB> 8 ?@>D5AA8>=0;L=K5 2>5==K5, 8 A;C60I85 ?> :>=B@0:BC. ">;L:> B0:8< ?CB5< <>6=> 871560BL >1>A>1;5=8O ?@>D5AA8>=0;L=KE A>;40B 8 >D8F5@>2 >B 2A53> 3@0640=A:>3> >1I5AB20. "0:>5 ?A524>M;8B0@=>5 >1>A>1;5=85 ?@>?030=48@C5B, =0?@8<5@, !0<CM;L %0=B8=3B>= 2 A2>5< :;NG52>< ?@>872545=88 "!>;40B 8 3>AC40@AB2>". %0=B8=3B>= ?@578@05B "3@0640=A:8E A>;40B" 8 =0A<5E05BAO =04 "A>;40B0<8 2 C=8D>@<5", AG8B0O 8E =5=0456=K<8 ;N18B5;O<8, C :>B>@KE >BACBAB2C5B =5>1E>48<0O B25@4>ABL. < >= ?@>B82>?>AB02;O5B "?@>D5AA8>=0;L=>3> A>;40B0" A 53> A2>9AB25==K<8 ?@>D5AA8>=0;C E;04=>:@>285<, B25@4>ABLN, >BACBAB285< 8;;N789.  :>=F5 :>=F>2 8450;L=K< B8?>< 2>5==>3> 4;O %0=B8=3B>=0 O2;O5BAO BC?>9 =05<=8:... @><5 B>3>, %0=B8=3B>= B@51C5B, GB>1K ?@>D5AA8>=0;L=K5 2>5==K5 >?@545;O;8 AB@0B538G5A:CN ;8=8N 2 ?>;8B8:5 3>AC40@AB20, B0: :0: 871@0==K5 ?@028B5;LAB20 8 ?0@;0<5=BK O:>1K MB>3> A45;0BL =5 2 A>AB>O=88. 0 MB>< D>=5 22 >:BO1@O 2003 3>40 0<5@8:0=A:89 ?>;8B8: 8=4>= 0@CH ?>B@51>20; A@>G=>3> 2>AAB0=>2;5=8O 2 !>548=5==KE (B0B0E 2>8=A:>9 ?>28==>AB8. 0@CH =0720; 2A5>1ICN 2>8=A:CN >1O70==>ABL "A5@4F5<" 0<5@8:0=A:>3> :>=AB8BCF8>==>3> ?>@O4:0 8 2>5==KE B@048F89 <5@8:8. -B> O2;O5BAO >B@065=85< <=5=8O 25;8:8E 3>AC40@AB25==KE 45OB5;59 8 2>5==KE ;8G=>AB59 !(, B0:8E, :0: 8=:>;L=, $@0=:;8= C725;LB, C3;0A 0:@BC@ 8;8 C09B 975=E0CM@. @<8O, C:><?;5:B>20==0O =0 >A=>25 ?@87K20, 405B >1I5AB2C 8A:;NG8B5;L=CN 2>7<>6=>ABL 2>A?8B0BL <>;>4KE ;N4OE 2 4CE5 B>20@8I5AB20, ?@828BL 8< GC2AB2> ;>:BO 8 2708<>?>=8<0=8O, GB> 2 4@C38E CA;>28OE A45;0BL >G5=L B@C4=> 8;8 2>>1I5 =52>7<>6=>. >5==0O ?>43>B>2:0 CG8B <>;>4>3> G5;>25:0, :0: =5>1E>48<0 A?;>G5==>ABL 8 2K45@6:0 2 M:AB@5<0;L=>9 A8BC0F88, :>340 @5GL 845B > 687=8 8 A<5@B8. -B0 A>;40BA:0O A?;>G5==>ABL, :>B>@CN 5I5 !>:@0B AG8B0; =5>1E>48<>9, O2;O5BAO 4;O >1I5AB20 8 3>AC40@AB20 B5<, >B G53> =5;L7O >B:070BLAO. "0:>5 GC2AB2> B>20@8I5AB20 ;8HL 2 >G5=L >3@0=8G5==>< >1J5<5 <>6=> 2>A?8BK20BL G5@57 4>1@>2>;L=>5 CG0AB85 2 @07;8G=KE A>N70E 8 >@30=870F8OE.  3>AC40@AB20E 52@>?59A:>3> >1>@>=8B5;L=>3> A>N70 2A5>1I0O 2>8=A:0O >1O70==>ABL 4>;6=0 >AB020BLAO >A=>2>9 2>5==>9 A8AB5<K 8 4020BL 2>7<>6=>ABL A?@02;OBLAO A ;N1K<8 =5>6840==>ABO<8 ?@8 >@30=870F88 >1>@>=K AB@0=K. >6=> 1K;> 1K A:070BL, GB> 2A5 3>AC40@AB20 52@>?59A:>3> >1>@>=8B5;L=>3> A>N70 =C640NBAO 2 ACI5AB2>20=88 =0F8>=0;L=>9 <8;8F88, 87 @O4>2 :>B>@>9 <>3;8 1K 2KE>48BL E>@>H> ?@>D5AA8>=0;L=> ?>43>B>2;5==K5 2>5==K5 :04@K A 4;8B5;L=K< A@>:>< A;C61K. E <>6=> 1K;> 1K 70459AB2>20BL 2 A>AB025 <=>3>=0F8>=0;L=KE A8; 8 2> 2@5<O ?@>2545=8O <8@>B2>@G5A:8E >?5@0F89 70 3@0=8F59. @8 A>740=88 B0:>9 =0F8>=0;L=>9 <8;8F88 1>;LHCN ?>;L7C ?@8=5A;> 1K 8A?>;L7>20=85 >?KB0 H259F0@A:>9 <8;8F59A:>9 A8AB5<K. >=5G=>, 2 @0<:0E MB>3> 4>:C<5=B0 =5;L7O ?>4@>1=> @0AA<>B@5BL >?B8<0;L=CN AB@C:BC@C =0F8>=0;L=KE 8 :><18=8@>20==KE 2>>@C65==KE A8; 52@>?59A:>3> >1>@>=8B5;L=>3> A>N70. "@0=A=0F8>=0;L=K5 :><18=0F88 2 >@30=870F88 2>>@C65==KE A8; 1C4CB =5>1E>48<K 2 ! 8 !, 0 B0:65 2 AD5@0E, :>B>@K5 2KE>4OB 70 @0<:8 >4=>3> 3>AC40@AB20, B0:8E, :0: >1I55 :><0=4>20=85, @07254:0, 2>5==>5 8A?>;L7>20=85 :>A<8G5A:>3> ?@>AB@0=AB20, ?@>B82>@0:5B=0O >1>@>=0 8 :@C?=K5 BK;>2K5 8=D@0AB@C:BC@K. 4=0:> A59G0A =01;N405BAO "@5=5AA0=A >1KG=KE 2>>@C65==KE A8;", ?@8 MB>< 4>;6=> 1KBL =0945=> ?@028;L=>5 A>G5B0=85 <>B>?5E>BK, 1@>=5B0=:>2KE 8 <>18;L=KE 0@B8;;5@89A:8E A8;. &5;LN ;N1>9 2>5==>9 >?5@0F88 (>1>@>=8B5;L=>9 8;8 =0ABC?0B5;L=>9) 1K; 8 >AB05BAO MDD5:B82=K9 :>=B@>;L A> AB>@>=K A2>59 8;8 GC6>9 B5@@8B>@88 8 =0A5;5=8O, 0 4;O MB>3> 1>;LH5 2A53> ?>4E>4OB >?B8<0;L=> AD>@<8@>20==K5 8 >A=0I5==K5 :>=25=F8>=0;L=K5 2>>@C65==K5 A8;K. ;O 8A?>;L7>20=8O ?5E>BK =5B =8:0:>9 B5E=8G5A:>9 70<5=K. $C=40<5=B0;L=>9 >H81:>9 ?@>H54H8E 42CE 45AOB8;5B89 O2;O5BAO <>4=0O D5B8H870F8O 2KA>:>B5E=>;>38G=>3> >@C68O, :0: MB> 284=> 2 ?>A;54=5< 20@80=B5 B0: =07K205<>9 " 52>;NF88 2>5==>3> 45;0" (RMA). BF>< RMA G0AB> =07K20NB -=48 0@H0;;0, @C:>2>48B5;O "Office for Net Assesments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x  @ d8>^`j 0#V#+2,L,n,6.....//0<0001.1B1L1^1`1r11134044<555 <> C8CRCCC|EE,F6F|G~GGG5OJQJ\^JmH sH 56OJQJ\]^J6OJQJ]^J OJQJ^J5OJQJ\^JODv @ d ^`P j &(+n,6.^134B58 < xx*$7$8$H$*$7$8$H$z <>X@ CC0G2GGIIIIOFUYj[\l^__ciRos x*$7$8$H$ E$xx*$7$8$H$ xx*$7$8$H$GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGHH HHH,H0HHHHLHXHZH`HdHrHtHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHI IIII I"I*I.I8I:IIDIHITIVI^IbIpIrIxIzI|I~IIIIII6OJQJ]^J6OJQJ]^JmH sH 56OJQJ\]^J 56OJQJ\]^JmH sH PIIIII MFMpM&NO8OOORFUUYj[n[\\l^p^a>ag0gggj4jjjuuz{{~pp^px~Bnb^$,4`bĮƮ0ް̽"T56OJQJ\]^J OJQJ^J5OJQJ\^J6OJQJ]^J6]5OJQJ\^JmH sH N xz{tnpZ>^~LҥĮƮ0ذԳ@ t xx*$7$8$H$ xx*$7$8$H$@: <nfjvxf xx*$7$8$H$Pvx82<Th##%"%%%X******/000X2222LFFFFLGNGRHxHzHHTTFWHWpW^^^^lxxց @^ȉډ(br65OJQJ\^J56OJQJ\]^J OJQJ^J6OJQJ]^JUL  B6`b2  & Fxx*$7$8$H$ & Fxx*$7$8$H$ xx*$7$8$H$ & Fxx*$7$8$H$2 |#%)-z/2 8=2ADHO.TFWHWpW\_b hknlqs2z xx*$7$8$H$nz:68`hVfh~ xx*$7$8$H$68`*,28NP| <TV^`b h~pfzz|0JmHnHu0J j0JU6OJQJ]^J56OJQJ\]^J OJQJ^J5OJQJ\^J.Dvfzh]h&`#$ xx*$7$8$H$ & Fxx*$7$8$H$0&P P. A!"S#n$n%  i:@: 1KG=K9CJ_HaJmHsHtHV@V 03>;>2>: 1$xx*$7$8$@&H$6OJQJ]^J\`\ 03>;>2>: 2$xx*$7$8$@&H$56OJQJ\]^JV`V 03>;>2>: 3$xx*$7$8$@&H$5OJQJ\^J:A@: A=>2=>9 H@8DB 0170F0VB`V A=>2=>9 B5:ABxx*$7$8$H$6OJQJ]^JB @B 86=89 :>;>=B8BC;  E$,)@, ><5@ AB@0=8FKZP`"Z A=>2=>9 B5:AB 2xx*$7$8$H$5OJQJ\^J !+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +  !+7B NYb>???@ABB/CzC{C?E&GJ NPbUcUUlVVWX ZZ[\\]]^^_s`bbbdf5iIjHl;nQ>>>@@&C-C0D@DDDDD`FfF{JJJJJJQQcUuU.^9^ e,ehfwfjjflulrsv!vz!z?{P{̏я-45?v͔ؔ OTQY^cdnae*23<CMWidwbefoέڭaf{7:;D\l AJ^`ae!7BIN6=~B !!""&&))*)+,e0}0X2_2I4577"9G9;;;=qDDEERR__kkwl|looq#qsswwlzrz~~ufl<HTai׶ܶpw4;""??MP\Pz AlexanderAC:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Word\2B>:>?8O EVRBESOP.asd AlexanderAC:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Word\2B>:>?8O EVRBESOP.asd AlexanderAC:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Word\2B>:>?8O EVRBESOP.asd AlexanderAC:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Word\2B>:>?8O EVRBESOP.asd AlexanderA:\EVRBESOP.DOC AlexanderAC:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Microsoft\Word\2B>:>?8O EVRBESOP.asd AlexanderA:\EVRBESOP.DOC AlexanderA:\EVRBESOP.DOC AlexanderA:\EVRBESOP.DOC AlexanderA:\EVRBESOP.DOC J$v g)V.DLZ\8S'n\(th ^`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh pp^p`OJQJo(h @ @ ^@ `OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh ^`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh PP^P`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh pp^p`OJQJo(h @ @ ^@ `OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh ^`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh PP^P`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh pp^p`OJQJo(h @ @ ^@ `OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh ^`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh PP^P`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh pp^p`OJQJo(h @ @ ^@ `OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh ^`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh PP^P`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh pp^p`OJQJo(h @ @ ^@ `OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh ^`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(oh PP^P`OJQJo(J$)VS'n\ DLZ@%%OO%%UnknownG:Times New Roman5Symbol3& :Arial?5 :Courier New;Wingdings"AVGÂFRf#g$Kk!Vxx>d3QV5@52>4 A =5<5F:>3> workstation3 Alexander Oh+'0 $ @ L Xdlt| 9 workstation3orkorkNormalt Alexandern316xMicrosoft Word 9.0 @zH6@zC@|# ՜.+,0 hp  Namakong2     !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~      !"$%&'()*,-./0127Root Entry F`"9|91Table6WordDocument2 SummaryInformation(#DocumentSummaryInformation8+CompObjjObjectPool`"9|`"9|  F Microsoft Word MSWordDocWord.Document.89q